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Choroidal melanoma with retinal perforation and vitreous hemorrhage: a scanning electron microscopic study
Abstract:
Extensive retinal perforation and subsequent growth within the vitreous cavity permitted the scanning electron microscopic examination of a primary, mixed cell type malignant melanoma of the choroid. The surface of the tumor was covered by fusiform cells oriented in a longitudinal, parallel fashion. Plumper globoid, presumed epitheloid forms were interspersed among the spindle cells. In some areas, the spindle cells had long tapering processes. At the margin of the tumor, slender fascicles of parallelly oriented, proliferating spindle cells were identified. This fascicular growth pattern has been observed in previous tissue culture and scanning electron microscopic studies. Vitreous hemorrhage which occurred in our case may herald a malignant melanoma that has perforated the retina. Additionally, retinal perforation may signify an aggressively growing tumor which should be treated.
Insights
Scanning electron microscopy revealed a primary choroidal malignant melanoma with extensive retinal perforation. This perforation may indicate aggressive tumor growth requiring prompt treatment.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Oncology
- Microscopy
Background:
- Choroidal malignant melanoma is a common primary intraocular malignancy.
- Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) offers high-resolution surface imaging of biological specimens.
Observation:
- SEM examination of a surgically removed choroidal melanoma with retinal perforation.
- Tumor surface exhibited fusiform cells in parallel orientation, with interspersed globoid epithelioid cells.
- Spindle cells displayed long, tapering processes and formed slender fascicles at the tumor margin.
Findings:
- The observed fascicular growth pattern of spindle cells is consistent with previous SEM and tissue culture studies.
- Extensive retinal perforation was a key feature, allowing for detailed tumor surface analysis.
- Vitreous hemorrhage accompanied the perforation, suggesting potential tumor invasion.
Implications:
- Retinal perforation in choroidal melanoma may be a sign of aggressive tumor behavior.
- Early detection of retinal perforation could prompt timely and effective treatment for malignant melanoma.
- SEM provides valuable insights into the surface morphology and growth patterns of intraocular tumors.
