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Adaptive plasticity in primate spinal stretch reflex: initial development.

J R Wolpaw, D J Braitman, R F Seegal

    Journal of Neurophysiology
    |December 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    The spinal stretch reflex (SSR) in monkeys can adapt, showing that this simple neural pathway can change its response strength. This adaptive capacity suggests the SSR may hold fundamental mechanisms for learning and memory.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Motor Control
    • Learning and Memory

    Background:

    • Understanding memory requires accessible neural pathways capable of adaptive change.
    • The spinal stretch reflex (SSR) is a purely spinal reflex, meeting criteria for a suitable model system.
    • Investigating the SSR's capacity for adaptive change is crucial for understanding memory's neural basis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine if the spinal stretch reflex (SSR) in vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) exhibits adaptive change.
    • To assess the SSR's potential as a model for studying the neuronal and synaptic bases of memory.

    Main Methods:

    • Monkeys were trained to modulate their biceps SSR amplitude through operant conditioning.
    • Electromyographic (EMG) electrodes recorded biceps activity during controlled elbow extension tasks.

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  • Specific reward contingencies were applied based on SSR amplitude during a defined time window.

    • Main Results:

    • Monkeys successfully learned to increase or decrease their SSR amplitude over 5-10 days, with changes progressing over weeks.
    • SSR amplitude changes reached 140-190% (increase) or 22-79% (decrease) of control levels.
    • Adaptive changes in SSR amplitude were muscle-wide and persisted after task withdrawal.

    Conclusions:

    • The spinal stretch reflex (SSR) demonstrates significant adaptive capacity, supporting its role as a model for memory research.
    • Potential sites for SSR plasticity include the Ia synapse and muscle spindles.
    • Segmental changes within the spinal cord may underlie this form of adaptive plasticity, representing a fundamental component of memory.