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Comparative intranasal pharmacokinetics of interferon using two spray systems
Journal of Interferon Research
|January 1, 1983
Summary
Self-administered interferon (IFN) nasal sprays are effective for upper respiratory infections. This study found residual IFN in the nose for over 24 hours, suggesting sustained antiviral activity.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
- Virology
Background:
- Interferon (IFN) is a crucial antiviral protein.
- Nasal administration offers a direct route for treating upper respiratory infections.
- Understanding IFN's nasal persistence is key for therapeutic efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare physician- vs. self-administered interferon nasal sprays.
- To determine the residual levels and decay of nasal interferon.
- To assess the suitability of self-administration for future clinical trials.
Main Methods:
- Volunteers received single doses of physician- or self-administered IFN nasal spray.
- Residual IFN was quantified in nasal lavage at various time points.
- Antiviral and immunoreactive IFN levels were measured over 24 hours.
Main Results:
- IFN recovery levels at 5 minutes post-administration varied between individuals but were similar for both administration methods.
- Decay curves for antiviral and immunoreactive IFN were comparable between physician- and self-administration.
- Significant amounts of IFN remained in the nose after 24 hours and were not fully recovered by nasal washing.
Conclusions:
- Self-administered interferon nasal spray is a viable option for clinical trials targeting upper respiratory infections.
- Interferon persists in the nasal cavity for at least 24 hours, potentially through binding to mucosal cells.
- Further research can explore the sustained release mechanism of nasal interferon.