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Prenatal testosterone exposure elevates maternal aggression in mice.

M A Mann, B Svare

    Physiology & Behavior
    |April 1, 1983
    PubMed
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    Prenatal exposure to testosterone propionate (TP) in pregnant mice increased aggressive behavior in female offspring. This hormonal influence on behavior occurred without affecting physical development or maternal care.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Behavioral Neuroscience
    • Developmental Biology

    Background:

    • Prenatal androgen exposure is known to influence the development of reproductive behaviors.
    • Research suggests that androgens may play a role in the emergence of aggressive behaviors in both sexes.
    • The specific effects of prenatal testosterone propionate (TP) on maternal aggression in female offspring require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of prenatal testosterone propionate (TP) exposure on maternal aggressive behavior in adult female Rockland-Swiss (R-S) mice.
    • To determine if prenatal androgen exposure affects physical development, body weight, or lactational performance in female offspring.
    • To explore the potential role of fetal testosterone in augmenting aggressive behavior in both male and female offspring.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Main Methods:

    • Pregnant R-S mice were administered oil, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 micrograms of TP on gestation days 12, 14, and 16.
    • Maternal aggressive behavior of the female offspring was assessed in adulthood by observing their responses to adult male intruders.
    • Offspring were also examined for effects on external morphology, body weight, and lactational performance.

    Main Results:

    • Prenatal exposure to 1.0 or 2.0 micrograms of TP significantly increased the number of attacks by parturient female mice toward male intruders.
    • Exposure to 0.5 micrograms of TP did not significantly alter aggressive behavior.
    • No significant effects of prenatal TP exposure were observed on external morphology, body weight, or lactational performance.

    Conclusions:

    • Prenatal androgen exposure, specifically TP, can enhance maternal aggressive behavior in female offspring.
    • The development of feminine behavior, including aggression, appears sensitive to prenatal androgenic influences.
    • These findings suggest that fetal testosterone may augment aggressive behavior in both male and female individuals, warranting further research into this possibility.