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Related Experiment Videos

Oxygen consumption during exercise in a heated pool.

R L Kirby, J T Sacamano, D E Balch

    Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hydrotherapy exercise, including walking and running in warm water, can significantly elevate oxygen consumption (VO2) to provide an aerobic training effect without excessive risk. This suggests potential benefits for cardiovascular health and rehabilitation.

    Area of Science:

    • Exercise Physiology
    • Cardiovascular Rehabilitation
    • Aquatic Therapy

    Background:

    • Heated hydrotherapy pools are frequently used for exercise by individuals with musculoskeletal pain.
    • Previous research indicates swimming in heated water can approach maximal oxygen consumption in post-myocardial infarction patients.
    • The potential for hydrotherapy to induce both beneficial aerobic training effects and cardiovascular risk requires investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To test the hypothesis that various hydrotherapy exercises can expend enough energy to create an aerobic training effect.
    • To assess the potential cardiovascular risk associated with vigorous hydrotherapy in able-bodied subjects.
    • To quantify oxygen consumption (VO2) during different aquatic exercise modalities.

    Main Methods:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured in 13 able-bodied subjects across six conditions: resting supine, resting seated in a 36°C pool, walking, running, using hand paddles, and running in place in chest-deep water.
    • Measurements included resting and exercising VO2 in milliliters per kilogram per minute (ml/kg/min) and metabolic equivalents (METs).

    Main Results:

    • Mean VO2 values ranged from 4.91 ml/kg/min (1.00 MET) at rest to 29.11 ml/kg/min (7.09 METs) when running in place.
    • Vigorous activities like running in chest-deep water (27.79 ml/kg/min or 6.23 METs) and running in place showed substantial increases in VO2.
    • These results indicate that more intense hydrotherapy exercises significantly challenge aerobic capacity.

    Conclusions:

    • Vigorous hydrotherapy exercises, such as running in water, can heavily stress aerobic capacity.
    • The energy expenditure during these activities suggests a potential for significant aerobic training benefits.
    • The findings imply that while vigorous, these exercises may not pose an excessive risk for patients with coronary artery disease, warranting further clinical investigation.