Rebound thymic hyperplasia in a child with cancer

A case of biopsy-proven thymic hyperplasia is described in a child with group I paratesticular rhabdosarcoma while on chemotherapy. Other cases of children with cancer reported with this phenomenon are reviewed. Tissue diagnosis is important to differentiate metastatic tumor and to rule out second malignancies in these patients. The initial evaluations are facilitated by CT scanning of the chest and upper extremity venography.