Occurrence of mycoplasmas in urinary tracts of patients with acute pyelonephritis

Mycoplasma hominis was isolated from the upper urinary tract in 7 of 80 patients with acute pyelonephritis and from 0 of 60 patients with noninfectious diseases of the urinary tract, a significant difference. In four cases M. hominis was isolated in pure culture, in one it was isolated together with Ureaplasma urealyticum, and in two it was isolated with bacteria. U. urealyticum was isolated from the upper urinary tract of five patients, all with acute pyelonephritis; this was not significantly different from the control group.