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Heat production during sleep.

C M Shapiro, C C Goll, G R Cohen

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |March 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    During sleep, heat production is lowest in stage 4 sleep, with less variability compared to other stages. Overall nighttime heat production is reduced compared to resting wakefulness.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Sleep Science
    • Metabolism

    Background:

    • Thermoregulation during sleep is crucial for overall health.
    • Understanding metabolic rate variations across sleep stages can provide insights into physiological regulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and quantify heat production across different sleep stages.
    • To compare nocturnal heat production with resting wakefulness.

    Main Methods:

    • Continuous indirect calorimetry was employed to measure heat production.
    • Simultaneous electroencephalographic monitoring was used to identify sleep stages.
    • Data were analyzed controlling for gross influences on heat production.

    Main Results:

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  • Heat production was significantly lower in stage 4 sleep compared to other sleep stages.
  • A gradation in heat production was observed in non-rapid-eye-movement sleep stages (Stage 2 > Stage 3 > Stage 4).
  • Stage 4 sleep exhibited the least variability in heat production; stage 2 and rapid-eye-movement sleep showed similar levels and variability.

    • Conclusions:

    • Stage 4 sleep represents the period of lowest metabolic heat production during sleep.
    • Nocturnal heat production is approximately 9% lower than during resting wakefulness, with stage 4 sleep being notably lower.