[Urinary tuberculosis today]

From our data urinary tuberculosis, clearly reduced as regards past decennia, now results constant in annual number of cases. The reduced frequency sometimes requires some problems of differential diagnosis. After a few considerations about anatomo-pathologic aspects, we examine the diagnostic procedures starting from that urinary tuberculosis has not pathognomic clinical signs, except identification of M. tuberculosis in urine. The medical treatment consists in administering three drugs (rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol) for 3 months and then two drugs for 6-9 months, on the ground of clinical course. Surgical treatment can be divided in destroying and preserving surgery. At last, endoscopic treatment takes aim at dilating ureteral stenoses.