The normal, absent, and abnormal corpus callosum: sonographic findings

Area of Science:

• Neuroimaging
• Pediatric Neurology
• Medical Ultrasound

Background:

• The corpus callosum is a vital white matter structure connecting the brain's cerebral hemispheres.
• Its normal appearance on sonography is a hypoechoic band.
• Absence of the corpus callosum can be developmental or acquired, leading to various neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the sonographic features of corpus callosum absence.
• To highlight associated intracranial abnormalities in affected patients.
• To enhance the diagnostic capabilities of sonography in identifying this condition.

Main Methods:

• Sonographic examination of six patients with suspected or confirmed corpus callosum absence.
• Midline sagittal and coronal scan analysis to identify key anatomical landmarks.
• Correlation of sonographic findings with clinical presentation and other imaging modalities.

Main Results:

• Sonographic findings included separation of lateral ventricles with increased angulation.
• Prominent bundles of Probst were observed along the medial border.
• Dilatation and elevation of the third ventricle, with interposition between lateral ventricles, were noted.

Conclusions:

• Sonography is effective in visualizing the characteristic features of corpus callosum absence.
• Specific sonographic markers like Probst bundles and third ventricle displacement aid diagnosis.
• Early identification through sonography can guide further investigation and management of associated abnormalities.