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Related Experiment Videos

Virological examination of drinking water: a Canadian collaborative study.

P Payment, M Trudel, S A Sattar

    Canadian Journal of Microbiology
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study surveyed drinking water virology in three Canadian cities, finding viruses in raw water but none in treated water. All finished water met safety standards, indicating effective purification processes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Virology
    • Public Health Microbiology

    Background:

    • Drinking water safety is paramount for public health.
    • Understanding the virological quality of urban water supplies is crucial for risk assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To conduct a collaborative virological survey of drinking water in Montreal, Ottawa, and Toronto.
    • To assess the presence and types of viruses in raw and treated water from multiple purification plants.
    • To evaluate the effectiveness of water treatment processes in removing viruses.

    Main Methods:

    • Monthly sampling of raw (100 L) and treated (1000 L) water from nine purification plants over 18 months.
    • Virus concentration using adsorption-elution methods.
    • Assay for cytopathic viruses on BS-C-1 cells, with results expressed as most probable number of cytopathic units (MPNCU/L).

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    Main Results:

    • Viruses were detected in 57% of Montreal raw water, 37% of Ottawa raw water, and 33% of Toronto raw water samples.
    • Reoviruses were the predominant viral isolates, followed by picornaviruses.
    • No detectable viruses were found in any of the 177 finished water samples, which also met all bacteriological, turbidity, and residual chlorine standards.

    Conclusions:

    • Canadian urban drinking water treatment effectively removes viruses.
    • Finished drinking water in Montreal, Ottawa, and Toronto met all safety standards.
    • The study highlights the importance of continuous virological monitoring in water purification plants.