Castleman's disease--the lymphoma impostor

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Asymptomatic neck masses are a common diagnostic challenge in middle-aged adults.
• Initial evaluations including panendoscopy and biopsies may be inconclusive.
• Differential diagnoses commonly include metastatic cancer or lymphoma.

Observation:

• A case of Castleman's disease presenting as an asymptomatic neck mass is described.
• This benign lymphoepithelial condition was initially considered in the differential diagnosis.
• The presentation mimicked more common malignant conditions.

Findings:

• Castleman's disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder.
• It can present as a solitary or multicentric form.
• Histopathological examination is crucial for definitive diagnosis.

Implications:

• Accurate differentiation of Castleman's disease from lymphoma is critical for appropriate patient management.
• This case underscores the importance of considering benign entities in the differential diagnosis of neck masses.
• Early and correct diagnosis can prevent unnecessary aggressive treatments.