A peroperative test of the function of the sphincter of Oddi

A simple peroperative flow test has been developed to help detect organic stenosis of the Ampulla of Vater. The influence of glucagon and propantheline bromide on the flow of saline through the Ampulla during operation in 79 patients was measured. By measuring the flow rate of saline before and after the administration of glucagon to patients the effective diameter of the sphincter of Oddi and its ability to relax could be deduced. Glucagon was found to be most effective in relaxing the Ampulla. For the test to be successful impacted stones must be excluded by cholangiography, but free lying stones do not affect the test. In 7 of the 62 patients receiving glucagon flow was slow and the sphincter failed to relax. Two of these patients had impacted stones and were treated by ampullary dilatation and the other 5 (who had no stones showing on X-rays) were treated by trans-duodenal sphincterotomy; 2 of these patients were found to have small non-obstructing stones impacted at the Ampulla.