[Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy--a virus-associated disease?]

Clinical course and laboratory data of three patients with sinus histiocytosis and massive lymphadenopathy ( SHML ) are described. In 80% of the cases a massive and painless bilateral enlargement of the cervical lymphnodes is the presenting feature; 25% show extranodal involvement. The etiology of SHML is as yet unknown. In two patients with a high rubella antibody titer we were able to demonstrate rubella antigen in the involved lymphnodes thus supporting an infectious etiology of SHML . A virus isolation was not possible, so that the definite proof of a viral infection of SHML could not be demonstrated. As a rule therapy is not necessary. The exceptions are outlined. The prognosis is good.