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Hematuria and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Insights
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may cause idiopathic hematuria. A study found NSAID use was significantly higher in patients with unexplained hematuria compared to those with identified causes.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Hematuria, the presence of blood in urine, can stem from various causes including neoplasia, stones, infection, and inflammation.
- A significant portion of hematuria cases remain idiopathic, meaning the cause is not readily identified.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used analgesics with known potential side effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and idiopathic hematuria.
- To compare NSAID usage patterns in patients with identified causes of hematuria versus those with idiopathic hematuria.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 116 adult patients hospitalized for hematuria (gross or microscopic).
- Categorization of patients into those with identified causes (Group 1) and idiopathic hematuria (Group 2).
- Comparison of NSAID use prevalence between groups and with a control group of 60 patients without hematuria.
Main Results:
- Idiopathic hematuria was observed in 21% of the reviewed patients.
- NSAID use was reported in 54% of patients with idiopathic hematuria versus only 1% in patients with identified causes.
- A control group showed a 3.3% prevalence of NSAID use.
Conclusions:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use is significantly associated with idiopathic hematuria.
- NSAIDs are implicated as a potential causative agent in a subset of patients presenting with unexplained hematuria.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms linking NSAIDs to idiopathic hematuria.
Abstract:
We reviewed 116 consecutive adults hospitalized for hematuria (92 with gross and 24 with microscopic hematuria). The cause of hematuria (that is neoplasia, stones, infection and inflammation) was recognized in approximately 79 per cent of the 116 patients (group 1), while 21 per cent (group 2) had idiopathic hematuria. Review of drug history in these 2 groups revealed that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were used in 1 per cent of the patients in group 1 compared to 54 per cent in group 2. To confirm these findings we reviewed a control group of 60 patients without hematuria hospitalized for benign prostatic hyperplasia and followup of bladder tumors, and found a 3.3 per cent prevalence of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. These findings implicate nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use as a potential cause of idiopathic hematuria.