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Urinary tract infections due to Candida albicans
Reviews of Infectious Diseases
|November 1, 1982
Summary
Candida albicans urinary tract infections are rare but require explanation when detected. Treatment for candiduria depends on infection site and patient factors, ranging from oral antifungals to intravenous therapies.
Area of Science:
- Medical Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Urology
Background:
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Candida albicans are uncommon but recognized complications.
- Factors predisposing to candiduria include diabetes mellitus, antibiotic/corticosteroid use, and urinary tract abnormalities.
- The defense mechanisms of the urinary tract against fungal infections are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the causes, clinical presentations, and management strategies for Candida albicans UTIs.
- To highlight the importance of considering patient-specific factors in diagnosing and treating candiduria.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on Candida albicans UTIs.
- Analysis of predisposing conditions, infection pathways, and clinical manifestations.
- Summary of current therapeutic recommendations based on infection severity and location.
Main Results:
- Candiduria necessitates investigation, especially in properly collected urine samples.
- Lower UTIs often result from retrograde infection; renal infections typically follow candidemia.
- Clinical presentation alone is insufficient for definitive diagnosis of UTI type.
Conclusions:
- Treatment for Candida UTIs should be individualized based on clinical assessment.
- Bladder infections may be treated with flucytosine (oral), while catheter-associated infections often respond to amphotericin B irrigation.
- Renal parenchymal infections or suspected systemic candidiasis require more aggressive antifungal therapy, such as intravenous amphotericin B, potentially with flucytosine.