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[Candidiasis in children with diaper rash. Study of 140 cases]
Insights
Genito-crural candidiasis is common in infants with diaper rash, with Candida species being the most frequent cause. Factors like prolonged rash duration and diet influence its occurrence.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Mycology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Diaper rash is a common infant condition.
- Genito-crural candidiasis, often caused by Candida species, can complicate diaper rash.
- The role of bacterial flora in Candida pathogenicity in this region is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of genito-crural candidiasis in infants with diaper rash.
- To investigate the influence of bacterial flora on Candida pathogenicity.
- To identify risk factors associated with candidiasis in infants.
Main Methods:
- Collected skin scrapings from 140 infants (0-20 months) with diaper rash.
- Utilized bacteriological and mycological methods for sample processing.
- Analyzed the prevalence of Candida species and associated bacterial flora.
Main Results:
- Candida species were found in 65.7% of cases, with Candida albicans being most common (66.3%).
- Candidiasis was associated with diaper rash in 54.3% of infants.
- Increased candidiasis frequency correlated with prolonged rash duration, plastic-covered cotton diapers, cow's milk feeding, and malnutrition with poor hygiene.
Conclusions:
- Candida species are a significant cause of genito-crural infections in infants with diaper rash.
- Factors such as diaper type, feeding, and hygiene status influence candidiasis development.
- Further research into the interplay between bacterial flora and Candida is warranted.
Abstract:
The frequency of genito-crural candidiasis in infants presenting diaper rash, as well as the possible influence of bacterial flora in this region on the pathogenicity of Candida was studied. Skin scraping were made with sterile swabs and processed by bacteriological and mycological methods in 140 children whose ages ranged between 0 and 20 months. The most commonly found microbiological flora were Candida spp (65.7%), non hemolytic Streptococcus (18.5%), Staphylococus epidermidis (19.2%); beta hemolytic Streptococcus (12.8%) and alfa-hemolytic Streptococcus (9.2%). Of the 140 cases, 76 (54.3%) showed candidiasis associated with diaper rash and 16 (11.4%) had Candida as normal flora. C. albicans was most frequently found (66.3%) followed by C. tropicalis (19.6%). Candidiasis was more frequent in those infants that had no other associated of pathogenic flora. Factors significantly influencing the increase in the frequency of candidiasis were: A) Evolution time, which was directly proportional; B) Use of cotton diapers covered with plastic pants; C) Feeding with cow's as opposed to maternal milk; and D) Malnutrition associated with poor hygiene.