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Abnormal gastric motor function in viral gastroenteritis.

J C Meeroff, D S Schreiber, J S Trier

    Annals of Internal Medicine
    |March 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Viral gastroenteritis from parvovirus-like agents causes nausea and vomiting by delaying gastric emptying. Gastric secretion remains unaffected, suggesting motor dysfunction is the cause.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Virology
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms of viral gastroenteritis.
    • Parvovirus-like agents, such as Norwalk and Hawaii viruses, cause gastroenteritis with minimal small bowel histologic injury.
    • Gastric mucosa is typically unaffected in these infections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of gastric emptying and secretion in viral gastroenteritis.
    • To determine if abnormal gastric motor function contributes to nausea and vomiting during parvovirus-like agent infections.

    Main Methods:

    • Serial gastric emptying studies of liquids were performed in volunteers before and after viral challenge.
    • Gastric secretion of hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor was measured in infected volunteers.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of gastric function between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals.

    • Main Results:

    • Volunteers who developed illness after ingesting Norwalk or Hawaii viruses showed significantly delayed gastric emptying.
    • Asymptomatic volunteers exhibited no changes in gastric emptying.
    • No alterations in basal or stimulated gastric secretion of key substances were observed during illness.

    Conclusions:

    • Delayed gastric emptying is a key feature of parvovirus-like agent-induced gastroenteritis.
    • Abnormal gastric motor function, rather than altered gastric secretion, likely underlies the nausea and vomiting associated with these viral infections.