Enzyme immunoassays in clinical chemistry: present status and trends

The most important enzyme immunoassay techniques are described. The enzymes currently used as labels, the methods of coupling them to antigens or haptens and the possible applications of these assays are reviewed. Furthermore, an overview is given of the reliability and practicability of commercially available enzyme immunoassay kits used in clinical chemical laboratories. Special consideration is given to possible interferences, the detection limits and the mechanization of these tests. Various methods for curve-fitting are listed. It is concluded that most of the currently commercially available enzyme immunoassays are suitable for routine application in appropriate centers like clinical chemical laboratories of larger hospitals. The future role of enzyme immunoassays in clinical chemistry is briefly discussed.