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Unit cell hypothesis for Streptococcus faecalis.

E M Edelstein, M S Rosenzweig, L Daneo-Moore

    Journal of Bacteriology
    |July 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cell pole size in Streptococcus faecalis remains constant regardless of growth rate. However, cell wall thickness increases with slower growth, indicating altered precursor usage for cell wall synthesis.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Bacterial cell growth and division are fundamental processes.
    • The relationship between growth rate and cell morphology is a key area of research.
    • Previous models suggest cell surface production is independent of growth rate.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of varying growth rates on cell pole surface area and volume in Streptococcus faecalis.
    • To examine cell wall thickness in relation to growth rate and glutamate concentration.
    • To test the consistency of the unit cell model hypothesis under different growth conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Manipulating Streptococcus faecalis growth rates using defined media with varying glutamate concentrations.
    • Preparing cell samples via Formalin fixation and critical point drying.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Creating carbon-platinum replicas for electron microscopy.
  • Utilizing computer-assisted 3D reconstruction to estimate cell pole surface area and volume.
  • Measuring cell wall thickness from thin sections.

    • Main Results:

    • Cell pole surface area and volume were found to be independent of bacterial culture growth rate.
    • Cell wall thickness increased significantly with decreased growth rate, correlating with increased peptidoglycan content.
    • These findings support the unit cell model for surface area production but suggest altered precursor allocation for cell wall synthesis.

    Conclusions:

    • The size of cell poles produced by Streptococcus faecalis is invariant with growth rate.
    • Slower growth rates lead to thicker cell walls due to increased peptidoglycan accumulation.
    • While pole size is constant, the utilization of cell wall precursors changes with growth rate, suggesting a complex regulatory mechanism.