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Etiology of astigmatism
American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics
|March 1, 1978
Summary
Astigmatism appears to be hereditary, with its prevalence and characteristics influenced by genetics, ethnicity, age, and environmental factors. These elements collectively shape the occurrence and progression of astigmatism in diverse populations.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Genetics
- Public Health
Background:
- Astigmatism is a common refractive error affecting vision.
- Evidence suggests a significant hereditary component to astigmatism.
- Variations in prevalence and characteristics are noted across different populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize evidence on the hereditary basis of astigmatism.
- To explore factors influencing astigmatism prevalence and progression.
- To understand the interplay of genetics, environment, and demographics in astigmatism.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing epidemiological and genetic studies on astigmatism.
- Analysis of data on astigmatism prevalence across diverse racial groups.
- Examination of age-related trends and environmental influences on astigmatism.
Main Results:
- Strong evidence supports the heritability of astigmatism.
- Significant variations in astigmatism prevalence exist between and within racial groups.
- Astigmatism characteristics (amount, direction) change with age and environmental exposure.
Conclusions:
- Astigmatism is influenced by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors.
- Understanding these influences is crucial for managing astigmatism.
- Further research can elucidate specific genetic and environmental pathways.