Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Perceived numerosity, item arrangement, and expectancy.

N Ginsburg

    The American Journal of Psychology
    |June 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Perceptual estimation of dot patterns shows bias. Subjects overestimated regularly arranged dots by 22% and underestimated randomly arranged dots by 16%, contrary to expectations.

    Related Concept Videos

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    Transmittance and reflectance of a thin absorbing film on a thick substrate.

    Applied optics·2010
    Same author

    Equations for optical constants suitable for use in a Fortran program.

    Applied optics·2010
    Same author

    The organization of visual objects: randomness.

    Perceptual and motor skills·1997
    Same author

    Number bias, estimation, and sensation seeking.

    Perceptual and motor skills·1996
    Same author

    Numerosity estimation and age.

    Perceptual and motor skills·1994
    Same author

    Headache and sensation seeking.

    Psychological reports·1991
    Same journal

    Attributing social meaning to animated shapes: A new experimental study of apparent behavior.

    The American journal of psychology·2021
    Same journal

    Scientific Study of Magic: Binet's Pioneering Approach Based on Observations and Chronophotography.

    The American journal of psychology·2018
    Same journal

    Child and Ancient Man: How to Define Their Commonalities and Differences.

    The American journal of psychology·2018
    Same journal

    Adolescent Aggression as Predicted from Parent-Child Relationships and Executive Functions.

    The American journal of psychology·2018
    Same journal

    The Effect of Collective Transitions on the Organization and Contents of Autobiographical Memory: A Transition Theory Perspective.

    The American journal of psychology·2018
    Same journal

    The Development and Validity of a Chinese Version of the Compound Remote Associates Test.

    The American journal of psychology·2018
    See all related articles

    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Visual Perception

    Background:

    • Human visual perception often involves estimation biases.
    • Previous research suggests expectations can influence numerical judgments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how dot arrangement (regular vs. random) affects numerical estimation.
    • To examine the influence of expectancy-contrast effects on dot pattern perception.

    Main Methods:

    • Presenting 10 sets of dots (7-91 per set) to 54 participants.
    • Arranging half the sets regularly and half randomly.
    • Comparing perceived dot counts to actual counts.

    Main Results:

    • Regularly arranged dot sets were overestimated by an average of 22%.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Randomly arranged dot sets were underestimated by an average of 16%.
  • Observed biases were opposite to the direction predicted by subjects' expectations.

    • Conclusions:

    • The expectancy-contrast model may explain biases in visual numerosity perception.
    • Arrangement significantly impacts the accuracy of estimating quantities.
    • Further research is needed to fully understand perceptual estimation biases.