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Related Experiment Videos

Delayed type hypersensitivity in mice immunized with inactivated rabies virus.

P H Lagrange, H Tsiang, B Hurtrel

    Developments in Biological Standardization
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    The footpad test (FPT) effectively measures delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions in vivo. This cell-mediated immunity assessment is crucial for evaluating vaccine efficacy and understanding immune responses.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cellular immunology

    Background:

    • Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) is a critical component of cell-mediated immunity.
    • In vitro tests like lymphoblast transformation and cytotoxicity assays provide some evidence of DTH.
    • A reliable in vivo method is needed to assess DTH for vaccine evaluation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To validate the footpad test (FPT) as a reliable in vivo method for assessing DTH reactions.
    • To investigate the cellular mechanisms underlying the DTH response mediated by the FPT.
    • To establish the utility of DTH assessment via FPT in evaluating vaccine-induced cell-mediated immunity.

    Main Methods:

    • The footpad test (FPT) was employed in mice to assess DTH.
    • Swelling at the injection site was measured 24 hours post-challenge.
    • Cell transfer experiments using spleen and lymph node cells were conducted.
    • Lymphoproliferative responses in draining lymph nodes were analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • The FPT demonstrated characteristics consistent with DTH, with maximum swelling observed at 24 hours.
    • DTH reactions could not be transferred via immune serum, indicating a non-humoral mechanism.
    • Transfer of spleen or lymph node cells sensitized recipients to the FPT.
    • A lymphoproliferative response in draining lymph nodes correlated with circulating DTH-mediating cells.
    • The DTH response was found to be independent of B-cell regulatory mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • The footpad test (FPT) is a valid and reliable in vivo assay for measuring DTH reactions.
    • DTH is mediated by cellular components, not humoral factors like antibodies.
    • The FPT is a valuable tool for assessing cell-mediated immunity induced by vaccines.

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