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Iproclozide fulminant hepatitis. Possible role of enzyme induction

D Pessayre, P de Saint-Louvent, C Degott

    Gastroenterology
    |September 1, 1978
    PubMed

    Insights

    Iproclozide, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, may cause fatal fulminant hepatitis, particularly when combined with microsomal enzyme inducers. This drug interaction poses a significant risk for liver toxicity in susceptible patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Pharmacology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are used to treat depression.
    • Hydrazine-containing MAOIs have been associated with hepatotoxicity.
    • Iproclozide is a hydrazine-containing MAOI.

    Observation:

    • Three female patients developed fulminant hepatitis after prolonged iproclozide use.
    • Jaundice and consciousness disorders were primary clinical signs.
    • Hepatitis onset was linked to the addition of microsomal enzyme inducers.

    Findings:

    • Concomitant use of iproclozide and microsomal enzyme inducers may trigger fulminant hepatitis.
    • Liver lesions predominantly showed necrosis.
    • All three patients experienced fatal outcomes.

    Implications:

    • Iproclozide, like other hydrazine MAOIs, may form hepatotoxic metabolites.
    • Microsomal enzyme induction could increase the production of these toxic metabolites.
    • Caution is advised when prescribing iproclozide with enzyme-inducing agents.

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