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Apnea following hyperventilation in man.

P Mangin, J Krieger, D Kurtz

    Journal of the Neurological Sciences
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Posthyperventilation apnea (PHA) is infrequent in awake individuals but increases with sleep or cerebral pathology. Vigilance, not just chemical changes, is crucial for preventing apnea after hyperventilation.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • Posthyperventilation apnea (PHA) incidence varies, potentially due to undetected vigilance changes.
    • Understanding the neural mechanisms of breathing regulation is essential.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the incidence of posthyperventilation apnea (PHA) in a large patient cohort.
    • To investigate factors influencing PHA, including vigilance, sleep, cerebral pathology, and age.

    Main Methods:

    • Breathing patterns were assessed using a thermocouple (n=1060) and pneumotachograph/capnography (n=100) during EEG recording after voluntary hyperventilation.
    • Patients were randomly selected.

    Main Results:

    • PHA occurred in 18% of awake subjects, unrelated to end-tidal FECO2 levels.

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  • PHA incidence increased significantly during sleep and in patients with cerebral pathology.
  • PHA showed an age-related trend.

    • Conclusions:

    • A central neural mechanism linked to vigilance, not solely chemical stimuli, prevents apnea post-hyperventilation.
    • Reduced vigilance during sleep or in pathological states facilitates PHA.
    • Previous high PHA reports may stem from undetected vigilance deficits.