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Cephapirin therapy in infective endocarditis.

K H Burch, E L Quinn, L D Saravolatz

    Southern Medical Journal
    |April 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cephapirin effectively treated infective endocarditis in ten patients, including heroin addicts. Most patients were cured, showing good drug tolerance and high serum bactericidal activity against causative bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Cardiology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Infective endocarditis is a serious cardiac infection, often associated with intravenous drug use.
    • Staphylococcus aureus and streptococci are common causative agents of infective endocarditis.
    • Effective antibiotic therapy is crucial for managing infective endocarditis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cephapirin in treating infective endocarditis.
    • To assess the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of cephapirin in this patient population.

    Main Methods:

    • A prospective study involving ten patients diagnosed with infective endocarditis.
    • Patients were treated with intravenous cephapirin (2 gm every four hours).
    • Causative organisms were identified, and their susceptibility to cephapirin was determined (MIC).

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  • Serum bactericidal activity was measured post-administration.

    • Main Results:

    • Eight out of ten patients, including six with Staphylococcus aureus infections, were successfully treated.
    • All bacterial isolates were susceptible to cephapirin (MIC ≤ 0.5 µg/ml).
    • High peak serum bactericidal activity (≥ 32x MIC) was achieved in all patients.
    • Cephapirin was well-tolerated intravenously, with no observed toxicity or accumulation.

    Conclusions:

    • Intravenous cephapirin is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for infective endocarditis, including cases caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
    • Achieved serum bactericidal activity supports the clinical efficacy of cephapirin in this indication.
    • Cephapirin demonstrates favorable pharmacokinetics, achieving high serum levels without toxicity.