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Association between nutritional status and cognitive functioning in a healthy elderly population.

J S Goodwin, J M Goodwin, P J Garry

    JAMA
    |June 3, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Suboptimal nutrient levels, including vitamins C and B12, are linked to poorer cognitive function in older adults. This suggests "subclinical" malnutrition may impact brain health in the elderly.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Nutritional Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Aging

    Background:

    • Cognitive decline is a significant concern in aging populations.
    • The role of nutritional status in cognitive function among healthy older adults requires further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between nutritional status and cognitive performance in non-obese, non-medicated older adults.
    • To determine if specific nutrient deficiencies correlate with impaired cognitive abilities.

    Main Methods:

    • Cross-sectional study of 260 noninstitutionalized men and women over 60 years old.
    • Nutritional status assessed via 3-day food records and biochemical nutrient analysis.
    • Cognitive function evaluated using the Halstead-Reitan Categories Test and Wechsler Memory Test.

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    Main Results:

    • Lower blood levels of vitamin C and vitamin B12 were significantly associated with worse performance on both cognitive tests.
    • Reduced levels of riboflavin and folic acid correlated with poorer scores on the Categories Test.
    • These associations persisted after controlling for age, gender, income, and education.

    Conclusions:

    • Subclinical malnutrition may contribute to detectable cognitive function deficits in some elderly individuals.
    • The findings suggest a potential bidirectional relationship where cognitive decline could also influence nutrient intake.