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Vestibular neuronitis; a neurological and neurophysiological evaluation.

A Anttinen, A H Lang, E Aantaa

    Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
    |February 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Vestibular neuronitis (VN) onset shows seasonal clustering and is linked to prior infections. Abnormal EEG and brainstem auditory evoked responses suggest subclinical brainstem involvement in some VN cases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Neurophysiology

    Background:

    • Vestibular neuronitis (VN) is a neurological disorder affecting the vestibular nerve.
    • Its exact pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, with infectious causes suspected.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate neurological and neurophysiological findings in patients with vestibular neuronitis.
    • To explore potential underlying mechanisms and contributing factors, including infectious triggers and central nervous system involvement.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 50 patients diagnosed with vestibular neuronitis.
    • Analysis of neurological examinations, routine laboratory tests, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, electroencephalography (EEG), and brainstem auditory evoked responses (BSER).

    Main Results:

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    • VN onsets exhibited seasonal clustering from August to January.
    • 36% of patients reported a preceding infection.
    • Abnormal EEG findings (slowing or focal disturbances) were observed in 15/37 patients.
    • Abnormal BSER results were found in 5/12 patients.
    • EEG abnormalities showed partial improvement over time, while focal disturbances persisted.

    Conclusions:

    • The seasonal clustering and association with infections support an infectious etiology for VN.
    • Observed EEG and BSER abnormalities suggest potential subclinical brainstem involvement in some VN cases.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise role of central nervous system structures in VN pathogenesis.