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Cardiac evaluation of mitoxantrone
Cancer Treatment Reports
|April 1, 1983
Summary
Mitoxantrone therapy showed a mild but definite impairment of cardiac function and myocardial morphology in patients. Further studies are needed to compare mitoxantrone with doxorubicin for therapeutic and cardiotoxic ratios.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cardiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Mitoxantrone, a synthetic anthraquinone, was developed as a doxorubicin analog.
- The goal was to retain anticancer efficacy while reducing cardiotoxicity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the cardiac effects of mitoxantrone therapy.
- To assess left ventricular function and myocardial morphology in patients receiving mitoxantrone.
Main Methods:
- Serial noninvasive tests of left ventricular function (echocardiography, systolic time intervals, nuclear angiography).
- Endomyocardial biopsy for morphological analysis.
Main Results:
- Nuclear angiographic ejection fraction significantly decreased post-mitoxantrone administration (P < 0.05).
- Endomyocardial biopsies showed tubular swelling, mitochondrial degeneration, and myofibrillar lysis.
- Echocardiograms and systolic time intervals showed a non-significant trend toward deterioration.
Conclusions:
- Mitoxantrone therapy is associated with mild cardiac function impairment and myocardial morphological changes.
- A direct comparison with doxorubicin is required to ascertain the relative therapeutic-to-cardiotoxic ratio.