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Migration inhibition tests in penicillin allergy.
Journal of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Immunology
|January 1, 1983
Summary
The lymphocyte blastic transformation test is an effective in vitro method for diagnosing penicillin hypersensitivity. This test consistently detected lymphocyte sensitization in penicillin-allergic patients, unlike other methods.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Allergy Diagnostics
Background:
- Penicillin allergy is a common adverse drug reaction.
- Accurate in vitro diagnostic methods are needed to identify hypersensitivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of lymphocyte blastic transformation (TTB), leucocyte, and macrophage inhibition tests for diagnosing penicillin hypersensitivity.
Main Methods:
- Compared TTB, leucocyte migration inhibition, and macrophage inhibition tests in 18 penicillin-allergic patients and 15 PPD-hypersensitive patients.
- Assessed TTB based on lymphocyte sensitization.
- Evaluated macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) presence and leucocyte migration inhibition.
Main Results:
- TTB was positive in all penicillin allergy cases, indicating consistent lymphocyte sensitization.
- Macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) was absent in all penicillin-allergic subjects.
- Leucocyte migration inhibition was positive only with specific penicillin antibody-dependent conditions.
Conclusions:
- Lymphocyte blastic transformation (TTB) is a reliable in vitro diagnostic method for penicillin hypersensitivity.
- Macrophage inhibition tests may not be suitable for diagnosing penicillin allergy.
- Leucocyte migration inhibition suggests a role for specific penicillin antibodies in the reaction.