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Osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium avium.

S Collert, B Petrini, K Wickman

    Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium avium is rare and often fatal. This report details a successful five-drug treatment, including significant streptomycin use, for an 11-year-old patient with extensive mycobacterial lesions.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Microbiology
    • Pediatric Osteomyelitis

    Background:

    • Osteomyelitis, a bone infection, is rarely caused by Mycobacterium avium.
    • Mycobacterium avium infections are typically associated with high mortality rates.

    Observation:

    • An 11-year-old patient presented with multiple disseminated mycobacterial lesions in the pelvis and right humerus.
    • The isolated Mycobacterium avium strain demonstrated in vitro resistance to most standard antitubercular drugs.

    Findings:

    • A comprehensive five-drug regimen was administered over 2.5 years.
    • The patient received a cumulative streptomycin dose of 160g without reported adverse effects.
    • Streptomycin therapy was considered crucial for the successful treatment outcome.

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    Implications:

    • This case highlights a potential therapeutic strategy for rare and severe Mycobacterium avium osteomyelitis.
    • Aggressive, multi-drug therapy, including streptomycin, may be effective even in drug-resistant cases.
    • Further research into the role of streptomycin in treating disseminated mycobacterial infections is warranted.