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Evidence for olfactory function in utero.

P E Pedersen, W B Stewart, C A Greer

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |July 29, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Fetal rats show functional activity in the accessory olfactory bulb in utero. This suggests the accessory olfactory system may detect intrauterine odors during gestation.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Developmental Biology
    • Olfactory System Research

    Background:

    • The olfactory system plays a crucial role in sensory perception and behavior.
    • Understanding fetal sensory development is key to comprehending early life influences on neurodevelopment.
    • The accessory olfactory bulb's function in utero has not been well-established.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the functional activity of the olfactory bulbs in fetal rats during late gestation.
    • To determine if the accessory olfactory system is active before birth.
    • To explore the potential role of the accessory olfactory system in detecting the intrauterine environment.

    Main Methods:

    • Pregnant rats were administered 2-[14C]deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) intravenously on the final day of gestation.

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  • Fetal rats were delivered via cesarean section one hour after 2DG administration.
  • 2DG uptake in fetal brain regions, specifically the olfactory bulbs, was analyzed to assess functional activity.

    • Main Results:

    • High 2DG uptake was observed throughout the accessory olfactory bulb in fetal brains.
    • Minimal or no differential 2DG uptake was detected in the main olfactory bulb.
    • These findings indicate significant metabolic activity and functional specialization in the accessory olfactory bulb during fetal development.

    Conclusions:

    • Functional activity is present in the accessory olfactory bulb in fetal rats before birth.
    • The accessory olfactory system is likely involved in processing sensory information within the intrauterine environment.
    • This system may serve as a critical pathway for fetal rats to perceive the odor quality of their surroundings in utero.