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Myocardial infarction among men below age 40.

R Bergstrand, A Vedin, C Wilhelmsson

    British Heart Journal
    |July 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Young men experiencing acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) often have significant risk factors like smoking and high cholesterol. A small number of these patients, free from risk factors, showed normal coronary arteries.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Preventive Medicine
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) in young men under 40 is uncommon but serious.
    • Understanding risk factors is crucial for early detection and prevention in this demographic.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the conventional risk factors associated with acute myocardial infarction in men under 40.
    • To identify patterns and characteristics of young males experiencing heart attacks.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective study of 36 male patients under 40 diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction over 6 years in Göteborg.
    • Comparison of 25 surviving patients with a random population sample regarding risk factors.
    • Coronary angiography performed on 18 patients.

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    Main Results:

    • Smoking and high plasma cholesterol were prevalent risk factors among young male patients.
    • No significant differences in blood pressure levels were observed between patients and the general population.
    • Two patients (11% of those with angiography) had normal coronary arteries and were free from risk factors.
    • Of the 16 patients with affected coronary arteries, 10 had single-vessel disease.

    Conclusions:

    • Smoking and hypercholesterolemia are key risk factors for acute myocardial infarction in young men.
    • A subset of young men experiencing heart attacks may have normal coronary arteries and lack traditional risk factors.
    • Further research is needed to understand the etiology in patients without identifiable risk factors.