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An integrated liquid-frozen blood banking system
Vox Sanguinis
|January 1, 1983
Summary
Field testing of frozen red blood cells (RBCs) in combat zones demonstrated their feasibility for military use. Both rejuvenated and nonrejuvenated cryopreserved RBCs maintained high recovery and acceptable post-transfusion survival rates.
Area of Science:
- Transfusion Medicine
- Cryobiology
- Military Medicine
Background:
- Cryopreservation of red blood cells (RBCs) is crucial for long-term storage.
- Availability of compatible blood products is critical for supporting military operations in remote or combat areas.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the feasibility of using frozen RBCs (both nonrejuvenated and rejuvenated) to support US Navy and Marine Corps personnel in combat zones.
- To assess the viability and function of cryopreserved RBCs after field testing and transport under simulated combat conditions.
Main Methods:
- Red blood cells were cryopreserved using 40% glycerol at -80°C after storage in CPD or CPDA-1.
- Both nonrejuvenated (3-6 days storage) and rejuvenated (22-38 days storage) RBCs were tested.
- Thawed RBCs underwent washing and were transported via dry ice or wet ice; in vitro and in vivo recovery were assessed.
Main Results:
- In vitro RBC recovery was consistently at least 90%.
- Post-transfusion survival rates of at least 70% at 24 hours were achieved for RBCs stored up to 3 days post-wash.
- Oxygen transport function remained normal or only slightly impaired, with minimal hemolysis.
Conclusions:
- Frozen RBCs, including both nonrejuvenated and rejuvenated types, are a feasible option for supporting military operations in combat areas.
- Cryopreserved RBCs can withstand transport and storage conditions relevant to military deployment, maintaining adequate viability and function.