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Wheelchair batteries: driving cycles and testing.

J J Kauzlarich, V Ulrich, M Bresler

Journal of Rehabilitation R&D

|July 1, 1983

Summary

Deep discharge wet cell lead-acid batteries are the most economical and suitable power source for electric wheelchairs. Their performance is predictable using a model analogous to Miner's Rule, even with variable power demands.

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Area of Science:

Rehabilitation Engineering
Battery Technology
Electric Mobility

Background:

Electric wheelchairs rely on battery performance for reliable operation in diverse environments.
Understanding battery discharge characteristics under simulated use is crucial for selecting optimal power sources.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the performance of various battery types for electric wheelchairs under simulated indoor and outdoor driving conditions.
To develop a predictive model for electric wheelchair battery performance based on usage patterns.

Main Methods:

Simulated driving cycles were derived from measured indoor and outdoor electric wheelchair usage.
Bench testing of deep discharge wet cell lead-acid, gel cell lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, and nickel-zinc batteries using these driving cycles.
Analysis of battery discharge characteristics, including the effect of pulse width modulation versus d.c. discharge.
Correlation of battery performance using a model analogous to Miner's Rule and Ragone charts.

Main Results:

Deep discharge wet cell lead-acid batteries meet electric wheelchair requirements and offer the best economy.
The impact of pulse width modulation from wheelchair controllers on battery discharge was found to be insignificant.
A model combining Miner's Rule analogy and Ragone chart analysis effectively correlates variable power demands with battery performance.

Conclusions:

Deep discharge wet cell lead-acid batteries are the recommended choice for electric wheelchairs due to performance and cost-effectiveness.
The developed model provides a reliable method for predicting electric wheelchair battery lifespan and performance under varied usage scenarios.

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