Three models of temporal summation evaluated using normal-hearing and hearing-impaired subjects

Temporal summation effects were measured in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired subjects using stimuli of different durations and temporal patterns. Threshold decreased with increasing stimulus duration for either single- or multiple-burst stimuli, but the hearing-impaired group showed smaller threshold shifts, which differed from those obtained with the normal-hearing group at the .0001 level of significance. Three models of temporal summation were evaluated: One model employed a time constant in an exponential function, one used a power function characterized by an exponent, and the last combined the properties of the exponential and power functions and was also characterized by an exponent. Estimates of the parameters that best described the data were obtained for each model. Data from the hearing-impaired subjects provided the most critical test of the models. The power function model and the combined model were both satisfactory with the range of stimulus durations used, but the exponential model failed to describe the data from the hearing-impaired subjects. It is suggested that there may not be a decrease in the time constant for temporal summation for subjects with sensorineural hearing-loss, but that a factor related to the utilization of sensory input is altered.