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Alveolar function following surfactant deactivation.

G F Nieman, C E Bredenberg, W R Clark

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |October 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Pulmonary surfactant is vital for alveolar stability. Tween lavage temporarily disrupts this, causing alveolar collapse and ventilation-perfusion abnormalities, but stability largely recovers within 4 hours.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary physiology
    • Respiratory system mechanics

    Background:

    • Alveolar stability is crucial for lung function.
    • Pulmonary surfactant plays a key role in maintaining alveolar stability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the in vivo effects of surfactant deactivation on alveolar stability and function.
    • To assess the recovery of alveolar stability after acute surfactant disruption.

    Main Methods:

    • In vivo cinemicroscopy of canine subpleural alveoli after pulmonary lavage.
    • Wilhelmy balance studies on lung extracts to assess surfactant function.

    Main Results:

    • Tween lavage caused alveolar instability, collapse, and increased alveolar capillary perfusion.
    • Surfactant function decreased significantly 30 minutes post-Tween lavage.

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  • Alveolar stability and surfactant function showed marked recovery by 4 hours.

    • Conclusions:

    • Normal surfactant function is critical for maintaining alveolar stability.
    • Acute surfactant deactivation leads to transient alveolar instability and ventilation-perfusion abnormalities.
    • The lung demonstrates significant recovery of alveolar stability and surfactant function within 4 hours.