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Acute renal failure in 11 children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Insights
Acute renal failure (ARF) in children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is reversible. Common causes include neoplastic infiltration and uric acid precipitation, with treatment-related issues also noted.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Pediatric Oncology
- Hematology
Background:
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) can affect multiple organ systems in children.
- Renal complications, including acute renal failure (ARF), are a potential concern in pediatric NHL patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report episodes of acute renal failure (ARF) in children treated for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
- To investigate the causes and outcomes of ARF in this specific pediatric population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 12 episodes of ARF in 11 children hospitalized for NHL.
- Classification of NHL subtypes and categorization of ARF causes based on renal injury mechanisms.
Main Results:
- ARF occurred in 11 children with various NHL subtypes (Burkitt, lymphoblastic).
- Primary causes of ARF were neoplastic renal infiltration (5 cases) and uric acid intratubular precipitation (5 cases).
- Treatment-related ARF occurred in 2 patients; oliguria was present in 6 cases, and only one child required dialysis.
Conclusions:
- Acute renal failure in pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma is consistently reversible.
- Understanding the etiology of ARF is crucial for managing renal complications in pediatric NHL.
Abstract:
Twelve episodes of acute renal failure (ARF) in 11 children hospitalised for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are reported. Six of 11 were classified as abdominal Burkitt type lymphoma, three as lymphoblastic convoluted cell lymphoma, and two as lymphoblastic lymphoma. Oliguria was present in six cases. Duration of ARF ranged from 3 to 23 days. Only one child required peritoneal dialysis. According to possible mechanisms of renal injury patients were divided into three groups: neoplastic renal infiltration (5 cases), uric acid intratubular precipitation (5 cases), treatment-related ARF (2 patients). ARF was always reversible, regardless of aetiology.