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Specificity revisited: personality profiles and behavioral issues.

D R Hawkins

    Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Personality traits and behaviors are linked to psychosomatic medicine and chronic illnesses. Research explores these connections, including Type A behavior and alexithymia, considering genetic and developmental factors.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychosomatic Medicine
    • Behavioral Science
    • Medical Psychology

    Background:

    • Historical links between temperament and illness date back to Hippocrates.
    • Early 20th-century research by Dunbar suggested correlations between personality profiles and chronic diseases.
    • Subsequent research, including the identification of Type A behavior, continues to explore personality's role in health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current understanding of personality and behavior patterns as markers in psychosomatic medicine.
    • To discuss the potential relationship between personality profiles and various etiological factors in psychophysiological disorders.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of historical and contemporary studies on personality and illness.
    • Analysis of research on specific behavioral patterns like Type A behavior and alexithymia.

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  • Discussion of potential contributing factors including genetics, development, and psychological conflict.

    • Main Results:

    • Historically, personality typologies have been associated with various illnesses.
    • Type A behavior pattern is consistently linked to coronary artery disease.
    • Alexithymia represents another personality construct explored in relation to psychosomatic conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Personality and behavior patterns remain relevant in psychosomatic medicine.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex interplay between personality, genetics, development, and psychophysiological disorders.