[Morphogenesis of acute respiratory insufficiency of different etiology]

In the lungs of patients with acute respiratory insufficiency (ARI), perfusion-ventilation disorders are observed in the form of acute hemodynamic disturbances and progressive increased permeability at the level of the aerohematic barrier followed by the development of alveolitis and microatelectases associated with reduced surfactant production. The time of development of ARI depended on the disorders of ventilation of the pulmonary parenchyma of both local and central genesis. The involvement of the bronchial tree into the pathological process contributed to lung infection. Early pulmonary fibrosis due to fibrin organization in alveolar lumina developed as an ARI outcome. The ARI and severe changes in the lungs facilitated the development of metabolic disorders in the myocardium which in their turn aggravated the pulmonary pathology.