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A 3-month study in monkeys of occlusal dysfunction and stress
Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research
|June 1, 1980
Summary
Dysfunctional occlusion in monkeys induced emotional stress, evidenced by increased cortisol levels. This stress, combined with occlusal trauma, led to periodontal issues like bone loss and tooth mobility.
Area of Science:
- Dental Science
- Periodontology
- Stress Physiology
Background:
- Dysfunctional occlusion can lead to occlusal trauma.
- The relationship between emotional stress and periodontal disease is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of induced dysfunctional occlusion on emotional stress and periodontal health in non-human primates.
- To explore the potential role of emotional stress in mediating periodontal reactions to occlusal trauma.
Main Methods:
- Occlusal splints were used to create a dysfunctional occlusal relationship in six Macaca irus monkeys, increasing vertical dimension and adding interferences.
- Plasma and urinary cortisol levels were measured to assess emotional stress.
- Tooth mobility, gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and radiographic bone loss were evaluated.
Main Results:
- A significant increase in urinary cortisol and plasma cortisol concentration was observed at weeks 1 and 3 post-splint insertion, indicating emotional stress.
- Acute trauma from occlusion resulted in increased tooth mobility, GI, and radiographic signs of alveolar bone breakdown.
- While cortisol levels returned to baseline by week 12, tooth mobility and GI remained elevated, with no further bone loss or pocket deepening.
Conclusions:
- Induced dysfunctional occlusion causes emotional stress in Macaca irus monkeys.
- Emotional stress may play a significant role in the development and progression of periodontal reactions associated with acute trauma from occlusion.