Age-related changes in sleep in depressed and normal subjects

All-night electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep data were examined a function of age in normal control subjects and hospitalized, unmedicated depressed patients with primary affective illness. By analysis of variance, Total Sleep time, Delta Sleep, Sleep Efficiency, Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep, and REM Latency decreased as a function of age, whereas Early Morning Awake time and Intermittent Awake time increased. Compared with normal controls, after the effects of age were covaried out, depressed patients had a greater Sleep Latency, Early Morning Awake time, Intermittent Awake time, Duration and REM Density of the first REM period, and average REM Density for the night, as well as less Sleep Efficiency, less Delta Sleep, and shorter REM Latency, Early Morning Awake time increased with age in depressives but not in normals.