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Phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth control in severely retarded children

S C Steinberg, A D Steinberg

    Journal of Periodontology
    |July 1, 1982
    PubMed

    Insights

    Phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth (PIGO) is common in children with intellectual disabilities. Antiplaque agents like SnF2 and electric toothbrushes effectively reduced PIGO severity and associated inflammation.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Dentistry
    • Pharmacology
    • Periodontology

    Background:

    • Phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth (PIGO) is a significant side effect.
    • Intellectual disabilities may influence PIGO prevalence and severity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the distribution, severity, and control of PIGO in children with intellectual disabilities.
    • To assess the efficacy of eliminating topical phenytoin contact and using antiplaque agents.

    Main Methods:

    • Nineteen children with severe intellectual disabilities were assessed.
    • Plaque Index, Gingival Index, and PIGO Index were utilized.
    • Interventions included eliminating topical phenytoin and using SnF2 or an electric toothbrush.

    Main Results:

    • 18 out of 19 patients exhibited PIGO, with 47% showing severe involvement.
    • Eliminating topical phenytoin did not alter PIGO.
    • SnF2 significantly decreased plaque and PIGO scores.
    • Electric toothbrush use significantly reduced gingival inflammation, plaque, and PIGO.

    Conclusions:

    • PIGO is highly prevalent and severe in children with intellectual disabilities.
    • SnF2 and electric toothbrushes are effective in managing PIGO and associated oral hygiene issues.

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