Uveal effusion syndrome

Cilio-choroidal effusion is a non-specific reaction seen in numerous clinical conditions. It is important to recognize this condition and distinguish it from a solid tumour. Some eyes with this condition have been mistaken for ring melanoma and have been enucleated. In some instances cilio-choroidal effusion is caused by specific conditions and in others it is associated with systemic diseases such as the Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada and the uveal effusion syndromes. In many cases the cause is not apparent and there are no associated or systemic features. This paper reviews the clinical and histopathological features of cilio-choroidal effusion in general, and the uveal effusion syndrome in particular.