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Cell volume studies in B-cell leukaemia

C Costello, J Wardle, D Catovsky

    British Journal of Haematology
    |June 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Leucocyte volume histograms differentiate B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) from hairy-cell leukaemia (HCL). Cell size analysis using modal volume (MV) offers objective comparisons in lympho-proliferative disorders.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Flow Cytometry
    • Leukocyte Biology

    Background:

    • B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL), B-prolymphocytic leukaemia (B-PLL), and hairy-cell leukaemia (HCL) are distinct lympho-proliferative disorders.
    • Accurate cell sizing is crucial for differentiating these conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the utility of leucocyte volume histograms in distinguishing between B-CLL, B-PLL, and HCL.
    • To determine if cell size parameters can objectively differentiate these leukaemias.

    Main Methods:

    • Leucocyte volume histograms were generated using a Coulter model ZBl and channelyser.
    • Modal volume (MV) and sigma value (standard deviation of log-volume) were measured for each case.
    • Histograms were visually examined and quantitatively analyzed.

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    Main Results:

    • Significant differences in MV were observed between B-CLL and HCL, with HCL cells exhibiting larger volumes.
    • One B-PLL case had an MV within the B-CLL range, while the other had a larger MV.
    • A case of B-CLL in 'prolymphocytoid' transformation showed increased cell size heterogeneity (high sigma value).

    Conclusions:

    • Leucocyte volume histograms provide a simple and objective method for sizing predominant cells in lympho-proliferative disorders.
    • This technique allows for objective comparison of cell sizes across different leukaemic conditions.
    • Volume histogram analysis can aid in the differential diagnosis of leukaemias based on cell morphology.