Shear bond strength in porcelain-metal restorations

1. The push test method showed higher shear bond strength values than the pull test method. 2. A bond strength of 4,500 to 6,000 psi between the dental stone and metal rod was eliminated in a waxed-rod test. Although the strength values were lower in waxed-rod tests, they were believed to be true shear bond strength values. 3. Shear bond strengths of 12,000 psi in push tests and 9,700 psi in pull tests were observed in Ceramco porcelain fused to Ceramco gold.