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Antibiotics in acrylic bone cement. In vitro studies
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|September 1, 1978
Summary
Gentamicin and cephalothin antibiotics eluted effectively from bone cement, demonstrating bactericidal properties against microorganisms. This study confirms their potential for sustained release and infection prevention in orthopedic surgery.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Infectious Disease Research
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Bone cement is widely used in orthopedic procedures.
- Antibiotic incorporation into bone cement is a common strategy to prevent surgical site infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively assess the elution rates and duration of gentamicin and cephalothin from bone cement.
- To determine the bactericidal efficacy of released antibiotics against microorganisms.
Main Methods:
- In vitro testing of gentamicin and cephalothin combined with Surgical Simplex bone cement.
- Quantitative analysis of antibiotic elution over time.
- Broth culture experiments to assess bactericidal activity against various bacteria.
Main Results:
- Both antibiotics eluted in significant quantities within 24-48 hours, with sustained release for over 175 days.
- Elution rates were influenced by antibiotic type, concentration, cement surface area, and fluid volume.
- Released antibiotics demonstrated bactericidal effects on microorganisms within 45 minutes to 20 hours.
Conclusions:
- Gentamicin and cephalothin exhibit effective and prolonged elution from bone cement.
- The released antibiotics possess significant bactericidal activity, supporting their use in preventing bone infections.
- Antibiotic elution and efficacy are dependent on multiple factors, including antibiotic and bacterial type, and concentration.