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A controlled trial with inactivated poliovaccine
Developments in Biological Standardization
|January 1, 1981
Summary
Early vaccination with inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) in infants demonstrated high efficacy. Two doses of IPV achieved a 100% antibody response to poliovirus type 1, offering promising protection.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Poliovirus type 1 is highly prevalent in rural environments.
- Early infant vaccination is crucial to prevent poliovirus exposure.
- Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) offers a potential strategy for early immunization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the immunogenicity of an early inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) schedule in infants.
- To compare the immune response to IPV with the traditional oral poliovirus vaccine (TOPV).
- To assess the feasibility of early IPV administration in rural settings.
Main Methods:
- A field trial involving 115 infants primed with DPT-polio at 2 and 3.5 months.
- Infants received a booster at 10 months with either DPT-polio (IPV) or DTP-TOPV.
- A control group of 53 infants received TOPV at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months.
Main Results:
- One dose of IPV induced type 1 polio antibodies in 83% of infants.
- Two doses of IPV resulted in a 100% antibody response.
- A significant anamnestic response was observed after a booster dose.
- IPV immunogenicity compared favorably with TOPV response.
Conclusions:
- Early IPV vaccination is effective in inducing robust antibody responses in infants.
- IPV provides a viable alternative to TOPV for early poliovirus protection.
- The findings support the implementation of IPV for early infant immunization programs.