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Hydroxyapatite as a bone substitute in the jaws

J W Frame, R M Browne, C L Brady

    Biomaterials
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Densely sintered calcium hydroxyapatite shows excellent biocompatibility and stability. This bone graft substitute effectively integrates with jawbone, making it suitable for maxillo-facial surgery.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
    • Regenerative Medicine

    Background:

    • Densely sintered calcium hydroxyapatite is a known biocompatible and stable material.
    • Autogenous bone is the current gold standard for bone grafting but has limitations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of calcium hydroxyapatite as a bone graft substitute in jaw surgery.
    • To assess the integration and bone formation around calcium hydroxyapatite implants in an animal model.

    Main Methods:

    • A clinically analogous animal model was used, implanting calcium hydroxyapatite into the mandibles of twelve dogs.
    • Implants were in place for 12 weeks.
    • Healing was assessed using radiological and histological analyses.

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    Main Results:

    • New bone was deposited directly onto the surface of the calcium hydroxyapatite implants.
    • Implants were firmly bonded to the adjacent jawbone tissues.
    • No fibrous tissue encapsulation was observed between the implant and the bone.

    Conclusions:

    • Calcium hydroxyapatite demonstrates excellent osseointegration and biocompatibility in jawbone defects.
    • This material is a promising substitute for autogenous bone as an inert space filler in maxillo-facial procedures.
    • Further clinical studies are warranted to confirm these findings in human patients.