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Biochemical mechanisms causing tick resistance

R G Wilson

    Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
    |March 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Ticks develop acaricide resistance through three main biochemical pathways: altered target site properties, or changes in acaricide metabolism and transport. These mechanisms help ticks survive pesticide exposure, particularly impacting Southern African blue tick control.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Veterinary Entomology
    • Pest Management

    Background:

    • Acaricide resistance in ticks poses a significant threat to livestock health and agricultural economies.
    • Understanding the biochemical basis of resistance is crucial for developing effective control strategies.
    • Blue ticks (Rhipicephalus decoloratus) in Southern Africa are a major concern due to acaricide resistance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the primary biochemical mechanisms conferring acaricide resistance in ticks.
    • To provide a detailed review of these mechanisms with examples of various acaricides.
    • To highlight the specific relevance of these mechanisms to Southern African blue tick populations.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and synthesis of existing biochemical and genetic studies on tick acaricide resistance.

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  • Analysis of biochemical pathways involved in detoxification and target-site modification.
  • Case study focus on resistance mechanisms in Southern African blue tick strains.

    • Main Results:

    • Acaricide resistance is primarily mediated by three biochemical mechanisms: target-site alteration, altered acaricide metabolism, and modified acaricide transport.
    • Target-site alteration allows ticks to tolerate higher acaricide concentrations at the site of action.
    • Metabolic and transport alterations lead to reduced acaricide concentration and persistence at the target site.

    Conclusions:

    • The three identified biochemical mechanisms provide a comprehensive framework for understanding tick resistance to acaricides.
    • Effective tick control strategies must consider these diverse resistance mechanisms, especially in problematic strains like the Southern African blue tick.
    • Further research into the genetic and molecular basis of these mechanisms can inform the development of novel acaricides and resistance management programs.